Rediseño de los equipos de maceración y filtración usados en el proceso de fabricación de formas farmacéuticas liquidas (gotas) en el laboratorio de farmacología vegetal LABFARVE.

Abstract

This project presents the design of a macerator and filtering equipment, which allows obtaining a quality extract without sedimentable solids, which is suitable for the preparation of liquid pharmaceutical forms from two medicinal plants Caléndula officinalis L and Passiflora incarnata. For the study, the extraction efficiency of four equipment was compared where the standard extract manufacturing operation was carried out, a 40 liter column, two percolators, one of 300 liters and another of 50 liters and a 35 liter agitation tank. To obtain the data, samples were taken at different times (3h, 6h, 9h, 24h, 48h and 72h) and a new extraction with new solvent was also carried out, these extracts were subjected to physicochemical tests to compare the percentage of humidity and the percentage of total ash, finally by means of a statistical ANOVA the influence of the time and efficiency factors of the column and the percolators was studied. By means of analysis of results, the optimal extraction times of each plant and the best efficiencies of the equipment used in each experiment were established, for the Calendula officinalis L an optimum extraction time of 9 hours was established and for the Passiflora incarnata, the optimum time its 3 hours with a re-extraction at 16 hours, where the best configuration for the two extractions is to use the 50-liter percolator because in the 300-liter percolator it would require an extraction time of 24 hours to equal the extraction. The agitation tank is not comparable with the operation of the other equipment because it presents undesirable phenomena due to bad agitation and due to design factors the lateral opening does not allow the extraction process. In accordance to quality assurance, microbiological tests were carried out on the extracts obtained at different times, determining that they were free of pathogenic microorganisms. xx Similarly, thin layer chromatography was performed on the extracts at different times of maceration confirming that drug extraction was achieved. Based on the results obtained in the previous stages, a new tank design with a vacuum and agitation system is propose that allows maceration, filtration and extraction, which decreases the operating time, costs in manufacturing, costs in hand, work and contamination due to personnel manipulation.